What is the purpose of network segmentation?

The purpose of network segmentation is primarily to improve performance and enhance security. By dividing a large network into smaller, isolated segments, each segment can operate more efficiently and with less congestion. This leads to improved network performance since traffic can be localized within segments rather than burdening the entire network.

From a security perspective, segmentation limits the exposure of sensitive data and critical resources. If a breach occurs in one segment, it does not easily propagate to others, thereby containing potential threats and reducing the overall risk. This practice allows organizations to implement stricter access controls based on the characteristics and needs of each segment, which further contributes to a robust security posture.

While increasing the number of devices on a network, implementing complex routing protocols, or consolidating network resources might be objectives associated with network management or design, they do not accurately capture the primary goals of segmentation, which are centered on enhancing performance and security. Thus, focusing on these core purposes clarifies why the choice highlighting performance improvement and security enhancement is the most appropriate.